This paper analyses the way in which discourse and argumentation may vary depending on participants’ educational level and gender. Men and women from three different educational levels (literacy, advanced level and university students) participated in discussion groups that debated about women and work, the sharing of housework and the way in which girls and boys are educated. The results showed important differences depending on participants’ educational level and gender. In general, the main differences were related to educational level, while gender (...) tended to interact with educational level, as a moderating factor. (shrink)

A través de este artículo se llegará a la conclusión de que la obediencia es una expresión de la dialéctica entre la encarnación de Cristo y su kenosis, superando la provisionalidad de las realidades terrenas y consagrando a Dios la facultad de disponer de la propia vida. Pero este caminar entre la vida y la muerte, encuentra su punto culminante en el misterio pascual de Jesucristo, el cual contribuye a la glorificación de Dios en el hombre, haciendo de la experiencia (...) de Dios en Jesucristo, el proyecto fundamental de la vida. El hombre participa de este misterio mediante la contemplación y lo extiende hacia fuera gracias a la predicación. Se pondrá así de relieve la dimensión pneumatológica y eclesial de la obediencia, que parte de la imagen de un hombre apasionado y entusiasta del sueño de Dios sobre la humanidad, revelado y realizado en Jesús, por la fuerza del Espíritu de amor. Through this article you will come to the conclusion that obedience is an expression of the dialectic between the incarnation of Christ and his ‘kenosis’, surpassing the impermanence of earthly realities and consecrating to God the faculty to dispose of one´s own live. But this journey between life and death, finds its culmination in the Paschal Mystery of Jesus Christ, which contributes to the glorification of God in man, making the experience of God in Jesus Christ, the fundamental project of life. The Man participates in this mystery, through contemplation, and extends it out through the preaching. In this way, it will express the pneumatologic and ecclesial dimension of obedience, which part of the image of a passionate and enthusiastic man of God's dream for humanity, revealed and realized in Jesus, by the power of the Spirit of love. (shrink)

A través de este artículo se llegará a la conclusión de que la obediencia es una expresión de la dialéctica entre la encarnación de Cristo y su kenosis, superando la provisionalidad de las realidades terrenas y consagrando a Dios la facultad de disponer de la propia vida. Pero este caminar entre la vida y la muerte, encuentra su punto culminante en el misterio pascual de Jesucristo, el cual contribuye a la glorificación de Dios en el hombre, haciendo de la experiencia (...) de Dios en Jesucristo, el proyecto fundamental de la vida. El hombre participa de este misterio mediante la contemplación y lo extiende hacia fuera gracias a la predicación. Se pondrá así de relieve la dimensión pneumatológica y eclesial de la obediencia, que parte de la imagen de un hombre apasionado y entusiasta del sueño de Dios sobre la humanidad, revelado y realizado en Jesús, por la fuerza del Espíritu de amor. Through this article you will come to the conclusion that obedience is an expression of the dialectic between the incarnation of Christ and his ‘kenosis’, surpassing the impermanence of earthly realities and consecrating to God the faculty to dispose of one´s own live. But this journey between life and death, finds its culmination in the Paschal Mystery of Jesus Christ, which contributes to the glorification of God in man, making the experience of God in Jesus Christ, the fundamental project of life. The Man participates in this mystery, through contemplation, and extends it out through the preaching. In this way, it will express the pneumatologic and ecclesial dimension of obedience, which part of the image of a passionate and enthusiastic man of God's dream for humanity, revealed and realized in Jesus, by the power of the Spirit of love. (shrink)

This paper analyses the way in which discourse and argumentation may vary depending on participants’ educational level and gender. Men and women from three different educational levels (literacy, advanced level and university students) participated in discussion groups that debated about women and work, the sharing of housework and the way in which girls and boys are educated. The results showed important differences depending on participants’ educational level and gender. In general, the main differences were related to educational level, while gender (...) tended to interact with educational level, as a moderating factor. (shrink)

Against the modern theory of representation, which makes the world opaque, Polo Suggests reviviting the classical theory of ilumination. Intentionality of knowledge, according to Polo, makes possibe the "deveiling" of reality, and shows its radical dependence from God.

En Psicología Fisiológica se entiende que cierto nivel de estrés favorece el estudio y el aprendizaje. Sin embargo, unible excesivo de ansiedad dificulta la gestión de la atención y de la concentración y repercute negativamente en el aprendizaje y en la memoria. Desde el punto de vista Neuropsicofisiológico el estrés y la emoción son fenómenos diferentes pero altamente relacionados. Si bien en este artículo nos vamos a centrar fundamentalmente en el estrés, es importante tener presente que una emoción específica puede (...) activar reacciones fisiológicas de estrés. Al mismo tiempo diferentes niveles de estrés pueden causar emociones concretas que pueden ir desde la alegría al miedo, la ira, etc. (shrink)

En el neoplatonismo medieval el concepto de causalidad es asociado al de manifestación para dar razón de la creación divina de mundo como teofanía. El problema radical al que se enfrenta el pensar en los diversos autores estudiados, de Eriúgena a Eckhart, es el de explicar cómo el Absoluto —Ser, Bien y Unidad más allá de todo ente―podría comunicar el ser a la criatura y cuál sería entonces la condición metafísica de posibilidad de la alteridad.

This paper presents Domingo Gundisalvo's theory of knowledge and the end of our cognitive process at the light «of the active Intelligence». For human beings participate in this light wen at in effectu or in adeptus ab alio. The research takes into account Gundisalvo's metaphysics background as exposed in his De processione mundi.

This paper analyzes the scientific achievements of the noted arabist Salvador Vila Hernández, chiefly his dedication to research and teaching in the universities and Schools of Arabic Studies of Madrid and Granada. His work is placed in the intellectual context of those years, during which he initiated energetically the specialized study of the history of law and of Islamic institutions, especially with reference to al-Andalus.

Este trabajo pretende abordar los juicios estético-morales establecidos por Yuriko Saito en el ámbito reciente de la estética de lo cotidiano, a la luz de la belleza funcionalista del pensador ilustrado David Hume. Para ello, se desentraña el mecanismo afectivo sobre el que descansa la experiencia estética tanto en el caso del objeto intrascendente de todos los días sobre el que teoriza Saito, como en el caso del objeto utilitario sobre el que discurre Hume y que demuestra que el juicio (...) de gusto es uno solo, en ambos pensadores, con el juicio moral. Se concluye así que la simpatía por obra de la cual existe la belleza en el joven Hume, al acabar virando hacia una empatía prematura en el Hume maduro, refuerza el entronque con Saito, con su preocupación por el otro y su deseo de alcanzar un mundo mejor. (shrink)

Synaesthesia is a condition in which one type of stimulation evokes the sensation of another, as when the hearing of a sound produces photisms, i.e. mental percepts of colours. R is a 20 year old colour blind subject who, in addition to the relatively common grapheme-colour synaesthesia, presents a rarely reported cross modal perception in which a variety of visual stimuli elicit aura-like percepts of colour. In R, photisms seem to be closely related to the affective valence of stimuli and (...) typically bring out a consistent pattern of emotional responses. The present case study suggests that colours might be an intrinsic category of the human brain. We developed an empirical methodology that allowed us to study the subject's otherwise inaccessible phenomenological experience. First, we found that R shows a Stroop effect elicited by photisms despite the fact that he does not show a regular Stroop with real colours. Secondly, by manipulating the colour context we confirmed that colours can alter R's emotional evaluation of the stimuli. Furthermore, we demonstrated that R's auras may actually lead to a partially inverted emotional spectrum where certain stimuli bring out emotional reactions opposite to the normal ones. These findings can only be accounted for by considering R's subjective colour experience or qualia. Therefore the present paper defends the view that qualia are a useful scientific concept that can be approached and studied by experimental methods. (shrink)

Synaesthesia is a condition in which one type of stimulation evokes the sensation of another, as when the hearing of a sound produces photisms, i.e. mental percepts of colours. R is a 20 year old colour blind subject who, in addition to the relatively common grapheme-colour synaesthesia, presents a rarely reported cross modal perception in which a variety of visual stimuli elicit aura-like percepts of colour. In R, photisms seem to be closely related to the affective valence of stimuli and (...) typically bring out a consistent pattern of emotional responses. The present case study suggests that colours might be an intrinsic category of the human brain. We developed an empirical methodology that allowed us to study the subject's otherwise inaccessible phenomenological experience. First, we found that R shows a Stroop effect (delayed response due to interference) elicited by photisms despite the fact that he does not show a regular Stroop with real colours. Secondly, by manipulating the colour context we confirmed that colours can alter R's emotional evaluation of the stimuli. Furthermore, we demonstrated that R's auras may actually lead to a partially inverted emotional spectrum where certain stimuli bring out emotional reactions opposite to the normal ones. These findings can only be accounted for by considering R's subjective colour experience or qualia. Therefore the present paper defends the view that qualia are a useful scientific concept that can be approached and studied by experimental methods. (shrink)

El presente trabajo es una reflexión teórica sobre la cultura tecnocientífica. Teniendo en cuenta la base cultural de la actividad tecnocientífica se afirma que ésta puede llegar a ser, y de hecho lo es, discriminadora y sesgada epistémicamente. Ello es debido a la convivencia de intereses y poder en el núcleo del sistema.

RESUMEN: El presente texto pretende analizar la sociedad actual. En ella la tecnociencia tiene una presencia importante y ésta, a su vez, no es muy diferente con respecto a las demandas intelectuales, culturales y sociales del Barroco. Es decir, en la sociedad actual podríamos decir que sucede lo mismo, interesa más obtener resultados, que se nos asombre, más que comprender el cómo funciona o se realizan. Si bien, como aconteció en el Barroco, sectores de la sociedad emprendieron acciones para dotar (...) de más identidad y cultura a la sociedad e ir en contra de lo institucionalmente establecido. La sociedad actual, se puede decir que es una prolongación del barroco, y nos encontramos en el neobarroco. Este al igual que en el pasado se rebela contra el sistema que sólo está preocupado por la acumulación de dinero, así como contra la ausencia de libertad y, por tanto, contra la represión y la violencia institucionalizada. En definitiva, con este artículo se trata de dar una visión desde la hermenéutica de las similitudes del Barroco con nuestra sociedad actual. ABSTRACT: This paper aims to analyze current society, where techno-science has a major presence while at the same time not differing greatly from that of the Baroque era with respect to intellectual, cultural, and social demands. As in the Baroque era, we are today more interested in getting results than in understanding how things works or how things are done. Also as in the Baroque era, sectors of society are taking action to encourage more identity and culture in society and are going against what is institutionally established. Today we can say that our society is an extension of the Baroque, and that we are in the neo-Baroque era. As in the past, there is now a rebellion against a system that is only concerned with the accumulation of money, as well as a rebellion against the lack of freedom and therefore against repression and institutionalized violence. In short, this article aims to present, from the point of view of hermeneutics, similarities between our current society and that of the Baroque era. (shrink)

Evolutionary psychologists should go beyond research on individual differences in attitudes and focus more on detailed models of psychological mechanisms. We argue for complementing attitude research with agent-based computational modeling of mate choice. Agent-based models require detailed specification of individual choice mechanisms that can be evaluated in terms of both their psychological plausibility and the population-level outcomes they produce.

O objetivo deste artigo é, primeiro, apresentar e considerar as críticas de Paley com mais detalhes e, em seguida, discutir algumas das aplicações significativas da fenomenologia que muitas vezes foram negligenciadas pelos pesquisadores qualitativos. Como foi amplamente demonstrado ao longo dos anos, a fenomenologia pode não apenas fazer a diferença no manuseio, análise e interpretação dos dados disponíveis, mas também em como os dados são obtidos em primeiro lugar, por exemplo, através de técnicas especiais de entrevista. Consideraremos algumas figuras centrais (...) da psicologia fenomenológica clássica e da psiquiatria fenomenológica e apresentaremos alguns dos desenvolvimentos mais recentes na ciência cognitiva. Em seguida, discutiremos três casos concretos que demonstram como a fenomenologia foi aplicada no trabalho clínico com pacientes com esquizofrenia, paralisia cerebral e negligência hemispatial. (shrink)

Los soberanos de la dinastía Naṣrí de Granada se intitulan sultanes o Amīr al-Muslimīn en su abundante correspondencia exterior con otros príncipes musulmanes o cristianos. Sin embargo, a partir de la segunda dinastía, comienzan a utilizar también el título califal aunque parece que de forma privada, dentro del entorno familiar o el cortesano, tal como prueban determinados documentos emanados del Dīwān al-Inšā’ naṣrí. El califato ostentado por los Naṣríes no es el mismo que el de los Omeyas o los Almohades (...) que llevaba emparejado el título de Amīr al-Mu’minīn y Jalīfat Rasūl Allāh, sino que lo acompañan del título de Jalīfat al-Raḥmān o Jalīfat Allāh, como otros soberanos musulmanes de la baja Edad Media. Su legitimidad está basada en una genealogía que les hace entroncar con los Jazārŷ, es decir con los Anṣār de Sa‘d b. ‘Ubāda, que pretendió proclamarse Califa a la muerte de Muḥammad. (shrink)

The 1996 European Summer Meeting of the Association of Symbolic Logic was held held the University of the Basque Country, at Donostia (San Se bastian) Spain, on July 9-15, 1996. It was organised by the Institute for Logic, Cognition, Language and Information (ILCLI) and the Department of Logic and Philosophy of Sciences of the University of the Basque Coun try. It was supported by: the University of Pais Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unib ertsitatea, the Ministerio de Education y Ciencia (DGCYT), Hezkuntza Saila (...) (Eusko Jaurlaritza), Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundia, and Kuxta Fun dazioa. The main topics of the meeting were Model Theory, Proof Theory, Re cursion and Complexity Theory, Models of Arithmetic, Logic for Artifi cial Intelligence, Formal Semantics of Natural Language and Philosophy of Contemporary Logic. The Program Committee consisted of K. Ambos Spies (Heidelberg), J.L. Balcazar (Barcelona), J.E. Fenstad (Oslo), D. Israel (Stanford), H. Kamp (Stuttgart), R. Kaye (Birmingham), J.M. Larrazabal (San Sebastian), D. Lascar (Paris, chairman), A. Marcja (Firenze), G. Mints (Stanford), M. Otero (Madrid), S. Ronchi della Rocca (Torino), K. Segerberg (Uppsala) and L. Vega (Madrid). The organizing Committee consisted of X. Arrazola (San Sebastian), A. Arrieta (San Sebastian), R. Beneyeto (Valencia), B. Carrascal (San Se bastian), K. Korta (San Sebastian), J.M. Larrazabal (San Sebastian, chair man), J.C. Martinez (Barcelona), J.M. Mendez (Salamanca), F. Migura (Victoria) and J. Perez (Victoria). (shrink)